If assessments of the affected property result in concentrations of Contaminants of Concern above the applicable governmental cleanup standards and total cleanup is not feasible, the governing agency can allow Risk-Based Corrective Actions resulting in a Site Rehabilitation Completion Order with Institutional or Engineering Controls . A Site Rehabilitation Completion Order with Institutional or Engineering Controls allows for normal land uses of a property even though contamination may still be present. A Site Rehabilitation Completion Order with Institutional or Engineering Controls is a Conditional No Further Action as long as there are Activity and Use Limitations that are protective of human health, public safety, and the environment, and minimize or eliminate the risk of direct exposure to contaminants.

Some cleanup is usually required, and monitoring over several years may be necessary to show that the contamination is not migrating from the affected property. Examples of Engineering Controls include removing the affected soil as the source of contamination and replacing with at least a two-foot layer of clean fill and covering the affected area with a non-pervious surface such as buildings, pavement, etc. to prevent downward migration of surface or rainwater. Examples of Institutional Controls include recorded deed restrictions that describe acceptable land uses or prohibit use of groundwater, etc.